Pinpointing regulatory protein phosphatase 2A subunits involved in beneficial symbiosis between plants and microbes

Abstract Background PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2A (PP2A) expression is crucial for the symbiotic association between plants and various microbes, knowledge on these processes important sustainable agriculture. Here we tested hypothesis that PP2A regulatory subunits, especially B’φ B’θ, are involved in signalling mycorrhizal fungi or plant-growth promoting bacteria. Results Treatment of tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) Azospirillum brasilense Pseudomonas simiae indicated a role B’θ subunit responses to PGPR. Arbuscular influenced transcript levels soil-grown canonical arbuscular mycorrhizae. In roots, transcripts were scarce under all conditions at lower level than other transcripts. transformed 10-fold enhanced expression, mycorrhization frequency was decreased vermiculite-grown plants. Furthermore, high related abscisic acid gibberellic known be growth mycorrhization. overexpressor showed less vigorous growth, although fruits normal size, number seeds per fruit reduced by 60% compared original cultivar. Conclusions Expression gene roots strongly beneficial microbes. Analysis established cultivars substantiated function development addition